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The Statistical Operation Gazetteer: Population by Population Unit publishes a detailed list of population centres and groups existing from 1 January in each municipality, including their codes and population referring to that date, broken down by sex.
It is obtained from the update of the population centres and institutions carried out by the city councils in their municipalities and which, in compliance with current legislation, are communicated to the INE at least once a year.
Starting in January 1, 2024, populations are calculated based on information from the Annual Population Census.
For territorial disaggregation at national level, the official classification of the List of Municipalities, Provinces and autonomous communities and cities and their codes is used.
All persons included in the Annual Population Census.
Person resident in Spain.
The target population of the statistic is all persons resident in Spain.
The statistic collects all the population units of all the municipalities in the national territory.
The statistics are carried out on a yearly basis with reference date January 1 of each year, with results available since 2000. In addition, files containing data from 1981 can be downloaded.
It must be pointed out that up to 2002, for some municipalities the INE has not had the corresponding population register files available, due to which, for these municipalities, the population has not been obtained below the municipal level.
The series begins with data as of January 1, 2000. In addition, files containing data from 1981 can be downloaded.
Number of persons.
1 January of each year
Data referred to the period: Anual A: 2024
The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2025-2028, approved by Royal Decree 1525/2024, of 3 December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2025-2028. (Statistics of the State Administration).
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The Statistical Law No. 12/1989 specifies that the INE cannot publish, or make otherwise available, individual data or statistics that would enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society
Given the nature of the statistical operation (to disseminate the relationship of institutions and centres with their populations), it is not applicable.
The advance release calendar that shows the precise release dates for the coming year is disseminated in the last quarter of each year.
The calendar is disseminated on the INEs Internet website (Publications Calendar)
The data are released simultaneously according to the advance release calendar to all interested parties by issuing the press release. At the same time, the data are posted on the INE's Internet website (www.ine.es/en) almost immediately after the press release is issued. Also some predefined tailor-made requests are sent to registered users. Some users could receive partial information under embargo as it is publicly described in the European Statistics Code of Practice
Data is disseminated annually.
The results of the statistical operations are normally disseminated by using press releases that can be accessed via both the corresponding menu and the Press Releases Section in the web
The results of the statistics are disseminated through the INE website.
INEbase is the system the INE uses to store statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information the INE produces in electronic formats. The primary organisation of the information follows the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration . The basic unit of INEbase is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities that lead to obtaining statistical results on a determined sector or subject based on the individually collected data. Also included in the scope of this definition are synthesis preparation.
Access to the data through the following link:
AC1=2.195.901
Given the nature of the operation this concept is not applicable.
On the INE website, an application is available to users to search for population units and files for download are published with the relationship of all population units at national level and for each of the provinces.
Sections 10.7 to 17 of this document are the user-oriented quality report for this operation.
Quality assurance framework for the INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, the European Statistics Code of Practice made by EUROSTAT. The ESSCoP is made up of 16 principles, gathered in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle is associated with some indicators which make possible to measure it. In order to evaluate quality, EUROSTAT provides different tools: the indicators mentioned above, Self-assessment based on the DESAP model, peer review, user satisfaction surveys and other proceedings for evaluation.
In the editing phases of the Nomenclátor, contrasts are made between the information contained in the Register relating to each inhabitant and the existing information in the Electoral Census street directory, in order to determine the population entity to which the inhabitant belongs.
El proceso de elaboración de la estadística tiene establecidos controles para detectar y corregir los errores con el fin de garantizar la calidad de la misma.
The users' specific needs are taken into account when extending the information offered on the web with new tables or data files, always respecting statistical confidentiality.
The following users of the statistic are worth noting:
· Ministries and other public agencies
· Territorial administrations (autonomous communities, provincial councils, city councils)
· Universities and research centres
· Companies
· Press and specialised media
· Individuals
· Other INE units
The INE has carried out general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019 and it plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose of these surveys is to find out what users think about the quality of the information of the INE statistics and the extent to which their needs of information are covered. In addition, additional surveys are carried out in order to acknowledge better other fields such as dissemination of the information, quality of some publications...
On the INE website, in its section Methods and Projects / Quality and Code of Practice / INE quality management / User surveys are available surveys conducted to date.(Click next link)
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The rate of mandatory information available is 100%.
R1=100%
No measures of the accuracy of the results of this operation are available. However, this operation is made from the information provided by the administrative data of the Municipal Register and the Annual Population Census, so the accuracy of its results depends on that of the sources of information used.
There are no sampling errors because there is no sampling in this operation.
Not available.
The data is published in February of the year t+1, i.e. within 13 months.
TP2=13 months.
Data dissemination is carried out according to the structural statistics availability calendar that INE prepares and publishes each year.
TP3=0.
All the data is comparable for any territorial disaggregation as they all come from the municipal registers, which are governed by the same regulations and are coordinated by the INE.
The statistics data are comparable since the year 2000, therefore the number of comparable elements of the time series is 25.
CC2=25.
The data up to January 1, 2023 represent the number of registered persons. Although the INE census database (base padronal) continues to be the main source of data for the elaboration of the Nomenclator, since January 1 2024 it is elaborated using Census data and the published figures do not represent the number of registered persons, but the number of resident persons.
See note on methodological change.
The population figures of the Nomenclátor for the municipalities coincide with those included in the Annual Population Census.
All results are obtained from an administrative record and are consistent with one another.
There are no costs associated with the collection or burden for respondents.
The estimation of the budgetary credit necessary to finance these statistics, as foreseen in the 2025 Annual Programme, comes to a total of 50.21 thousand euros.
The INE of Spain has a policy which regulates the basic aspects of statistical data revision, seeking to ensure process transparency and product quality. This policy is laid out in the document approved by the INE board of directors on 13 March of 2015, which is available on the INE website, in the section "Methods and projects/Quality and Code of Practice/INE’s Quality management/INE’s Revision policy" (link).
This general policy sets the criteria that the different type of revisions should follow: routine revision- it is the case of statistics whose production process includes regular revisions-; more extensive revision- when methodological or basic reference source changes take place-; and exceptional revision- for instance, when an error appears in a published statistic-.
Only definitive data is published, which are not reviewed.
Provisional data is not published.
The main source of data for the Nomenclátor is the INE census database (base padronal), obtained from the coordination of the municipal registers. Nomenclator's own variables are created for those persons who are in the Annual Population Census.
The list of population units is derived from the updating of the population centres and institutions carried out by the City Councils in their municipalities and which, in compliance with current legislation, are communicated to the INE at least once a year.
The municipal register is the administrative register where the municipality's residents are recorded. Everybody who resides in Spain is obliged to register in the Register of the municipality in which they habitually reside. Anyone who lives in several municipalities will have to register only in the one in which they spend the most time per year.
The city councils are responsible for the preparation, updating, revision and supervision thereof, as they must perform the actions and operations necessary for the data in their Registers to coincide with reality.
The city councils manages these registers by computer, and in those cases in which they lack the means of doing so, the registers are managed by the Provincial Councils.
The main source of data for the Nomenclátor is the INE census database (base padronal).
Law 7/1985, of 2 April, regulating the rules on the local government system and the Regulation on the Population and Territorial Demarcation of Local Institutions establishes that the Town Councils must send, via computerised or telematic methods, the monthly variations which occur in the Municipal register data to the National Statistics Institute so that this institute, in compliance with the obligations that article 17.3 of the aforementioned Local Government Law imposes, carries out the appropriate checks to correct errors and duplicates and that the official figures resulting from the annual reviews may be declared official.
The main source of data for the Nomenclátor is the INE census database (base padronal).
The city councils are in charge of keeping their municipal registers permanently updated, with the data declared by citizens, and they must carry out the updates and operations that are necessary for the data in their municipal registers to coincide with reality.
Likewise, each month, the city councils must send the INE all the variations occurring in the month (registrations, deregistrations and modifications), with the INE being in charge of the coordination of all of the municipal registers, so as to avoid duplicities occurring among the different Registers.
The main source of data for the Nomenclátor is the INE census database (base padronal).
Municipal registers are permanently updated registers from which data is obtained in order to prepare the Gazetteer. Since this is a register, all units contain information on the variables considered for each inhabitant.
In cases in which some error appears in the population unit coding, a comparison is made with the information from the Electoral Roll Street Directory.
In addition, a process for the detection of possible inconsistencies in the sex variable is carried out, contrasting with sources from the Ministry of the Interior.
A filtering is carried out at the territorial level of the population unit, which allows the municipality to receive information on the population for these levels below the municipality.
There is no seasonal adjustment, time series breakdown or other similar methods.