Encuesta de Población Activa (EPA)
Ocupados
Ocupados por sector económico, sexo y situación profesional
Unidades: Miles Personas
,Total,,,,,,,,,,,,Agricultura,,,,,,,,,,,,Industria,,,,,,,,,,,,Construcción,,,,,,,,,,,,Servicios,,,,,,,,,,,,
,2023T4,2023T3,2023T2,2023T1,2022T4,2022T3,2022T2,2022T1,2021T4,2021T3,2021T2,2021T1,2023T4,2023T3,2023T2,2023T1,2022T4,2022T3,2022T2,2022T1,2021T4,2021T3,2021T2,2021T1,2023T4,2023T3,2023T2,2023T1,2022T4,2022T3,2022T2,2022T1,2021T4,2021T3,2021T2,2021T1,2023T4,2023T3,2023T2,2023T1,2022T4,2022T3,2022T2,2022T1,2021T4,2021T3,2021T2,2021T1,2023T4,2023T3,2023T2,2023T1,2022T4,2022T3,2022T2,2022T1,2021T4,2021T3,2021T2,2021T1,
        Ambos sexos,
            Total,21.246,9,21.265,9,21.056,7,20.452,8,20.463,9,20.545,7,20.468,20.084,7,20.184,9,20.031,19.671,7,19.206,8,770,7,701,9,749,7,748,2,753,2,729,789,3,827,7,840,1,761,5,811,1,797,9,2.829,8,2.824,9,2.726,1,2.790,6,2.801,8,2.809,8,2.776,6,2.697,1,2.765,2,2.728,1,2.665,1,2.642,2,1.409,1,1.378,5,1.359,1.298,1,1.300,8,1.328,8,1.338,2,1.316,3,1.285,9,1.293,6,1.324,8,1.261,8,16.237,2,16.360,6,16.221,9,15.615,9,15.608,15.678,2,15.563,9,15.243,6,15.293,7,15.247,8,14.870,6,14.504,9,
            Trabajador por cuenta propia,3.205,1,3.136,1,3.196,3,3.098,9,3.086,8,3.121,5,3.152,3,3.142,3,3.198,3.102,3.151,7,3.079,9,293,280,2,279,1,276,9,288,7,286,9,286,289,301,8,284,3,283,1,280,9,225,6,221,9,208,1,239,3,234,5,244,8,241,8,239,8,260,6,240,239,1,228,3,347,8,348,7,351,1,335,5,353,5,344,2,358,1,350,4,336,3,323,2,357,1,346,2,2.338,7,2.285,2,2.357,9,2.247,1,2.210,1,2.245,6,2.266,4,2.263,1,2.299,3,2.254,4,2.272,4,2.224,5,
            Empleador,1.009,5,1.020,8,1.016,1,981,6,988,2,981,3,1.004,7,970,984,5,947,4,932,6,912,4,68,52,6,51,2,52,5,55,2,48,6,49,7,55,4,54,51,8,53,9,51,89,5,93,8,87,3,105,4,105,9,98,4,94,5,97,4,104,4,92,93,3,92,8,121,4,123,8,126,3,118,3,115,9,117,2,130,5,120,114,109,4,109,3,101,1,730,6,750,6,751,3,705,4,711,2,717,1,730,697,2,712,1,694,3,676,667,5,
            Empresario sin asalariados o trabajador independiente,2.103,1,2.034,9,2.099,8,2.033,1.991,1,2.028,1,2.042,1,2.084,2,2.109,8,2.047,9,2.107,6,2.062,8,209,4,216,3,217,1,210,3,213,6,219,1,214,3,216,7,224,4,212,6,210,2,207,8,120,117,7,106,8,122,6,113,9,130,2,128,7,127,3,140,1,133,2,130,8,126,2,217,7,218,6,218,5,212,2,233,6,221,9,220,2,223,2,215,4,206,3,237,6,234,9,1.556,1,1.482,3,1.557,4,1.488,1.430,1,1.457,1.478,9,1.517,1.530,1.495,9,1.529,1,1.493,9,
            Miembro de una cooperativa,33,4,18,1,22,4,24,8,29,8,23,7,27,7,27,3,27,3,27,2,28,8,22,6,4,7,3,3,2,1,2,7,5,1,4,8,8,7,3,9,5,4,2,7,5,6,3,9,11,7,6,7,7,2,8,4,10,6,11,1,7,9,9,7,9,9,4,7,4,4,8,3,3,1,1,0,2,1,1,0,6,0,8,2,3,2,0,4,1,1,8,2,3,13,7,7,1,12,9,12,6,13,5,6,9,8,8,12,4,13,7,14,1,14,11,6,
            Ayuda en la empresa o negocio familiar,59,1,62,3,58,1,59,5,77,7,88,4,77,8,60,8,76,4,79,5,82,6,82,1,10,9,8,8,8,11,5,14,8,14,3,13,3,13,18,1,17,3,13,3,18,2,4,5,3,7,6,9,3,4,1,5,1,10,6,6,1,8,2,5,5,7,5,4,4,5,4,5,3,6,2,4,3,4,4,4,5,1,5,2,6,5,6,6,8,5,8,38,3,45,3,36,2,41,1,55,4,64,6,48,8,36,4,43,6,50,2,53,4,51,5,
            Asalariados : Total,18.035,5,18.119,7,17.853,7,17.348,3,17.371,5,17.403,2,17.303,9,16.928,5,16.974,2,16.916,6,16.507,4,16.104,3,477,8,421,7,470,3,471,3,463,8,440,7,503,2,538,4,538,3,476,1,526,3,516,2,2.603,7,2.603,1,2.517,8,2.551,2,2.567,3,2.563,1,2.532,4,2.457,2.503,1,2.487,2,2.425,5,2.413,6,1.061,1,1.029,3,1.007,9,962,6,947,3,984,6,980,1,965,9,948,970,967,6,914,4,13.893,14.065,7,13.857,8,13.363,2,13.393,1,13.414,9,13.288,2,12.967,2,12.984,9,12.983,3,12.588,1,12.260,1,
            Asalariado sector público,3.593,3,3.534,7,3.517,7,3.523,9,3.526,2,3.506,2,3.453,9,3.468,2,3.475,5,3.484,3.439,6,3.397,4,12,9,12,1,10,1,10,6,15,12,4,10,6,12,6,12,1,14,1,11,4,9,2,30,4,33,2,28,6,28,2,26,2,28,3,24,4,15,8,21,1,23,6,21,27,7,13,10,8,10,8,14,9,9,13,6,10,4,10,3,8,1,8,2,9,5,8,5,3.537,3.478,7,3.468,3,3.471,2,3.475,1,3.451,9,3.408,5,3.429,3,3.434,1,3.438,2,3.397,6,3.352,
            Asalariado sector privado,14.442,2,14.585,14.336,13.824,4,13.845,3,13.897,13.850,1,13.460,3,13.498,7,13.432,5,13.067,9,12.706,8,464,9,409,6,460,2,460,7,448,7,428,3,492,6,525,7,526,2,462,514,8,507,1,2.573,3,2.569,9,2.489,2,2.523,1,2.541,1,2.534,7,2.508,1,2.441,2,2.481,9,2.463,6,2.404,5,2.385,9,1.048,1,1.018,5,997,1,948,6,937,5,971,969,8,955,5,939,8,961,8,958,1,905,8,10.356,10.586,9,10.389,5,9.892,9.918,9.963,9.879,7,9.537,9,9.550,8,9.545,1,9.190,4,8.908,1,
            Otra situación ,6,2,10,1,6,7,5,6,5,6,21,11,8,13,9,12,7,12,4,12,6,22,6,..,..,0,3,..,0,8,1,4,0,1,0,3,..,1,1,7,0,8,0,5,..,0,1,..,..,1,9,2,4,0,4,1,6,0,9,0,6,0,3,0,2,0,5,..,..,..,..,..,..,1,6,0,4,0,1,1,2,5,5,9,7,6,3,5,6,4,8,17,7,9,3,13,3,9,5,10,1,10,1,20,3,
        Hombres,
            Total,11.323,5,11.387,7,11.257,1,10.924,9,10.977,7,11.115,10.976,6,10.791,3,10.830,9,10.782,5,10.608,5,10.385,568,1,534,4,567,7,567,1,574,566,4,613,8,628,8,637,1,590,7,601,3,613,8,2.039,5,2.023,1,1.957,4,2.032,5,2.007,9,2.026,7,2.001,3,1.984,9,2.053,7,2.009,9,1.967,1.941,3,1.282,7,1.255,1.240,1.185,2,1.191,5,1.209,5,1.199,4,1.182,6,1.155,7,1.158,6,1.203,1,1.154,2,7.433,2,7.575,2,7.492,1,7.140,1,7.204,3,7.312,5,7.162,2,6.995,6.984,4,7.023,3,6.837,1,6.675,8,
            Trabajador por cuenta propia,2.045,2.016,5,2.061,2,1.997,2,1.989,6,2.015,8,2.046,6,2.033,2,2.096,7,2.025,4,2.064,2.047,1,214,8,206,3,206,6,204,1,206,5,209,1,208,3,209,9,219,6,209,7,206,2,207,6,172,8,170,4,158,2,188,9,183,1,193,2,181,1,186,9,209,7,187,1,193,6,185,7,320,3,322,4,329,1,314,1,334,322,3,335,8,332,9,317,1,301,8,331,3,324,1.337,2,1.317,4,1.367,2,1.290,1,1.265,9,1.291,2,1.321,5,1.303,5,1.350,3,1.326,8,1.333,1.329,7,
            Empleador,679,8,690,3,695,5,674,9,671,3,667,7,689,3,661,3,693,5,655,7,640,7,639,5,51,8,41,41,9,42,2,41,3,38,5,39,8,43,9,42,2,40,5,42,5,41,4,69,5,74,6,70,4,89,4,87,8,80,5,79,2,79,7,89,9,75,4,76,7,78,108,4,111,9,116,6,108,109,108,3,120,1,112,1,106,2,99,9,101,5,94,7,450,1,462,7,466,6,435,3,433,1,440,4,450,2,425,7,455,1,439,9,420,425,3,
            Empresario sin asalariados o trabajador independiente,1.307,7,1.285,3,1.319,8,1.277,2,1.262,3,1.290,1,1.303,4,1.328,1,1.352,7,1.312,3,1.371,3,1.349,1,153,5,157,8,157,1,152,5,152,1,159,7,155,7,157,2,165,155,2,149,8,149,8,92,2,89,8,79,6,92,4,85,102,6,93,5,99,2,109,8,103,4,108,6,102,3,204,4,206,8,209,3,202,5,223,3,210,2,212,3,217,206,8,197,6,226,3,224,1,857,5,830,9,873,7,829,8,801,9,817,6,841,9,854,7,871,1,856,1,886,6,872,8,
            Miembro de una cooperativa,23,4,12,8,15,7,16,1,21,2,15,9,17,8,18,8,18,9,20,5,18,8,16,4,3,6,2,1,9,1,9,4,3,1,5,3,2,9,4,4,2,7,4,9,3,8,7,4,8,5,1,6,2,8,8,3,5,5,6,2,6,5,6,7,5,3,3,3,3,3,1,1,0,2,1,1,0,6,0,8,2,3,2,0,4,1,1,4,1,9,7,9,4,9,8,5,6,9,8,5,3,7,4,7,7,6,7,7,10,1,7,3,8,2,
            Ayuda en la empresa o negocio familiar,34,1,28,30,2,29,34,8,42,1,36,2,25,31,5,36,8,33,1,42,1,5,9,5,5,5,7,7,5,9,1,7,8,7,4,5,9,8,1,11,3,9,13,4,2,4,1,1,3,1,0,9,2,3,1,8,2,9,1,8,3,4,1,6,3,2,1,4,1,2,6,3,2,6,1,1,3,1,1,1,9,3,6,3,3,2,3,3,21,6,18,9,18,3,18,1,22,4,29,4,24,7,15,4,16,4,20,6,19,1,23,4,
            Asalariados : Total,9.274,9.365,1,9.192,7,8.925,3,8.984,7,9.087,5,8.925,4,8.754,7,8.728,1,8.751,8,8.537,2,8.325,3,353,3,328,1,360,9,363,366,9,355,8,405,4,418,9,417,5,380,394,2,405,4,1.866,2,1.852,7,1.799,2,1.843,6,1.824,8,1.832,2,1.817,9,1.797,6,1.843,7,1.822,1.772,8,1.755,5,962,2,932,2,910,8,871,1,857,5,887,2,863,6,849,7,837,856,4,871,7,828,9,6.092,3,6.252,2,6.121,7,5.847,5,5.935,5,6.012,3,5.838,6,5.688,5,5.630,5.693,4,5.498,4,5.335,4,
            Asalariado sector público,1.523,1,1.495,9,1.494,2,1.487,1,1.496,1.504,2,1.460,5,1.442,2,1.428,6,1.453,8,1.464,1.434,11,8,10,6,8,4,8,9,12,1,11,1,8,10,3,9,2,11,5,9,2,8,1,25,9,24,5,21,21,4,19,7,21,1,19,4,13,3,16,9,17,9,18,2,21,8,10,9,8,6,10,4,12,8,9,2,12,9,9,5,8,6,7,8,7,3,7,4,7,5,1.474,5,1.452,1,1.454,4,1.444,1,1.455,1,1.459,1,1.423,6,1.410,1.394,6,1.417,1,1.429,1,1.396,5,
            Asalariado sector privado,7.750,9,7.869,2,7.698,5,7.438,2,7.488,6,7.583,2,7.465,7.312,5,7.299,6,7.298,7.073,2,6.891,4,341,5,317,5,352,5,354,1,354,8,344,7,397,4,408,6,408,3,368,4,385,397,2,1.840,3,1.828,2,1.778,2,1.822,2,1.805,1,1.811,1.798,5,1.784,4,1.826,7,1.804,2,1.754,6,1.733,7,951,3,923,6,900,5,858,3,848,3,874,3,854,841,1,829,2,849,1,864,3,821,5,4.617,8,4.800,4.667,3,4.403,5,4.480,4,4.553,2,4.415,4.278,5,4.235,4,4.276,3,4.069,3,3.938,9,
            Otra situación ,4,5,6,1,3,3,2,5,3,4,11,7,4,6,3,4,6,1,5,3,7,3,12,6,..,..,0,2,..,0,6,1,4,0,1,..,..,1,0,9,0,8,0,5,..,..,..,..,1,3,2,4,0,4,0,3,0,7,0,6,..,0,2,0,5,..,..,..,..,..,..,1,6,0,4,0,1,1,2,3,7,5,6,3,2,2,5,2,9,9,2,1,3,1,4,1,3,1,5,7,10,7,
        Mujeres,
            Total,9.923,4,9.878,2,9.799,6,9.527,8,9.486,2,9.430,7,9.491,4,9.293,4,9.354,1,9.248,5,9.063,1,8.821,7,202,6,167,5,182,181,1,179,3,162,6,175,6,198,9,203,170,8,209,7,184,2,790,4,801,9,768,7,758,1,793,9,783,1,775,3,712,3,711,5,718,2,698,1,700,9,126,4,123,4,119,112,9,109,3,119,3,138,9,133,6,130,2,135,121,7,107,6,8.803,9,8.785,4,8.729,9,8.475,7,8.403,7,8.365,7,8.401,7,8.248,6,8.309,3,8.224,5,8.033,5,7.829,1,
            Trabajador por cuenta propia,1.160,1,1.119,6,1.135,1,1.101,7,1.097,2,1.105,7,1.105,7,1.109,1,1.101,4,1.076,7,1.087,7,1.032,8,78,2,73,9,72,5,72,8,82,1,77,8,77,8,79,1,82,2,74,7,76,9,73,3,52,8,51,5,49,9,50,5,51,4,51,6,60,7,52,9,50,9,52,9,45,5,42,6,27,5,26,4,22,21,4,19,4,22,22,3,17,5,19,3,21,5,25,9,22,2,1.001,6,967,8,990,7,957,944,3,954,4,944,9,959,6,949,1,927,6,939,5,894,8,
            Empleador,329,7,330,4,320,5,306,7,316,9,313,7,315,3,308,7,291,291,7,291,9,272,9,16,2,11,6,9,2,10,3,13,9,10,1,9,9,11,5,11,8,11,3,11,4,9,7,20,19,2,16,8,16,18,1,17,9,15,3,17,7,14,4,16,6,16,7,14,8,13,11,8,9,7,10,3,6,8,9,10,4,8,7,8,9,5,7,8,6,3,280,5,287,8,284,7,270,1,278,1,276,6,279,8,271,5,257,254,3,256,242,2,
            Empresario sin asalariados o trabajador independiente,795,5,749,6,780,755,8,728,8,738,738,8,756,1,757,2,735,6,736,3,713,8,55,8,58,5,59,9,57,8,61,4,59,4,58,6,59,5,59,4,57,4,60,5,58,27,8,27,9,27,2,30,2,28,9,27,5,35,3,28,1,30,2,29,8,22,2,23,9,13,3,11,8,9,2,9,6,10,3,11,7,7,9,6,3,8,6,8,7,11,2,10,8,698,6,651,4,683,7,658,2,628,2,639,4,637,662,3,658,9,639,7,642,5,621,1,
            Miembro de una cooperativa,10,5,3,6,7,8,7,8,6,7,8,9,9,8,6,8,4,6,7,9,9,6,2,1,2,1,2,0,2,0,8,1,1,1,7,3,4,1,1,..,0,7,0,9,3,1,8,2,2,2,2,2,6,2,9,2,4,2,8,1,4,2,7,2,2,1,6,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0,4,0,4,5,8,2,2,4,4,5,7,5,3,2,4,1,4,8,6,4,6,6,3,3,
            Ayuda en la empresa o negocio familiar,25,34,3,27,9,30,5,42,9,46,3,41,6,35,8,44,9,42,7,49,5,40,5,2,5,3,1,4,5,7,6,5,5,9,7,1,10,6,4,3,4,8,2,2,6,3,8,2,1,1,8,3,2,7,7,4,4,4,8,3,9,4,5,2,3,1,3,2,8,3,1,1,5,2,3,1,4,4,3,3,2,9,3,3,6,4,4,7,16,7,26,4,17,9,23,33,35,2,24,1,21,27,2,29,6,34,3,28,2,
            Asalariados : Total,8.761,5,8.754,6,8.661,1,8.423,8.386,9,8.315,7,8.378,5,8.173,8,8.246,1,8.164,7,7.970,2,7.778,9,124,4,93,6,109,4,108,3,96,9,84,8,97,8,119,5,120,9,96,1,132,1,110,9,737,5,750,4,718,6,707,6,742,5,730,9,714,6,659,4,659,4,665,1,652,7,658,98,9,97,1,97,91,5,89,8,97,4,116,6,116,1,111,113,5,95,9,85,4,7.800,6,7.813,5,7.736,1,7.515,7,7.457,6,7.402,6,7.449,6,7.278,8,7.354,9,7.289,9,7.089,6,6.924,6,
            Asalariado sector público,2.070,2,2.038,8,2.023,5,2.036,8,2.030,2,2.001,9,1.993,4,2.026,2.047,2.030,2,1.975,5,1.963,5,1,1,1,4,1,7,1,7,2,9,1,3,2,6,2,3,2,9,2,5,2,2,1,4,5,8,7,7,6,6,8,6,5,7,2,5,2,6,4,2,5,7,2,8,5,9,2,1,2,1,0,4,1,2,0,7,0,7,0,9,1,7,0,3,0,9,2,1,2.062,5,2.026,6,2.013,9,2.027,1,2.020,1.992,8,1.984,9,2.019,4,2.039,5,2.021,2,1.968,5,1.955,5,
            Asalariado sector privado,6.691,3,6.715,7,6.637,5,6.386,2,6.356,7,6.313,8,6.385,1,6.147,8,6.199,2,6.134,5,5.994,7,5.815,5,123,3,92,2,107,7,106,5,94,83,6,95,1,117,2,117,9,93,6,129,9,109,8,733,741,7,711,700,8,736,723,7,709,6,656,8,655,2,659,4,649,9,652,2,96,8,95,96,6,90,3,89,1,96,7,115,7,114,4,110,7,112,7,93,8,84,4,5.738,2,5.786,9,5.722,2,5.488,5,5.437,6,5.409,8,5.464,7,5.259,4,5.315,4,5.268,8,5.121,1,4.969,1,
            Otra situación ,1,8,4,3,4,3,1,2,1,9,3,7,2,10,5,6,6,7,1,5,2,9,9,..,..,0,2,..,0,2,..,..,0,3,..,..,0,8,..,..,..,0,1,..,..,0,6,..,..,1,2,0,1,..,0,3,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,1,8,4,3,1,3,1,1,9,8,7,7,2,10,2,5,4,7,4,4,9,6,
Notas:
'Ruptura de serie en la variable situación profesional en T1-2009. Para más información consultar <a href="/daco/daco42/daco4211/enlaces_epa.pdf">documento adjunto</a> 'Cambio preguntas situación profesional EPA-2009'
En el primer trimestre de 2020, como consecuencia de la declaración del estado de alarma (Reales Decretos 463/2020 y 487/2020) motivado por la pandemia del COVID-19, el tamaño muestral de las primeras entrevistas de EPA en las semanas 11 a 13 ha sido inferior al de otros trimestres, por lo que los coeficientes de variación de las estimaciones más desagregadas pueden ser superiores a lo habitual.  Se recomienda consultar las tablas de INEbase relativas a dichos <a href="https://ine.es/dynt3/inebase/es/index.htm?padre=979&capsel=1002">coeficientes de variación.</a>
Fuente: