Economically Active Population Survey
Employed persons
Employed persons by economic sector, sex and professional situation
Unidades: Miles Personas
,Total,,,,,,,,,,,,Agriculture,,,,,,,,,,,,Industry,,,,,,,,,,,,Construction,,,,,,,,,,,,Services,,,,,,,,,,,,
,2023QIV,2023QIII,2023QII,2023QI,2022QIV,2022QIII,2022QII,2022QI,2021QIV,2021QIII,2021QII,2021QI,2023QIV,2023QIII,2023QII,2023QI,2022QIV,2022QIII,2022QII,2022QI,2021QIV,2021QIII,2021QII,2021QI,2023QIV,2023QIII,2023QII,2023QI,2022QIV,2022QIII,2022QII,2022QI,2021QIV,2021QIII,2021QII,2021QI,2023QIV,2023QIII,2023QII,2023QI,2022QIV,2022QIII,2022QII,2022QI,2021QIV,2021QIII,2021QII,2021QI,2023QIV,2023QIII,2023QII,2023QI,2022QIV,2022QIII,2022QII,2022QI,2021QIV,2021QIII,2021QII,2021QI,
        Both sexes,
            Total,21.246,9,21.265,9,21.056,7,20.452,8,20.463,9,20.545,7,20.468,20.084,7,20.184,9,20.031,19.671,7,19.206,8,770,7,701,9,749,7,748,2,753,2,729,789,3,827,7,840,1,761,5,811,1,797,9,2.829,8,2.824,9,2.726,1,2.790,6,2.801,8,2.809,8,2.776,6,2.697,1,2.765,2,2.728,1,2.665,1,2.642,2,1.409,1,1.378,5,1.359,1.298,1,1.300,8,1.328,8,1.338,2,1.316,3,1.285,9,1.293,6,1.324,8,1.261,8,16.237,2,16.360,6,16.221,9,15.615,9,15.608,15.678,2,15.563,9,15.243,6,15.293,7,15.247,8,14.870,6,14.504,9,
            Self-employed worker,3.205,1,3.136,1,3.196,3,3.098,9,3.086,8,3.121,5,3.152,3,3.142,3,3.198,3.102,3.151,7,3.079,9,293,280,2,279,1,276,9,288,7,286,9,286,289,301,8,284,3,283,1,280,9,225,6,221,9,208,1,239,3,234,5,244,8,241,8,239,8,260,6,240,239,1,228,3,347,8,348,7,351,1,335,5,353,5,344,2,358,1,350,4,336,3,323,2,357,1,346,2,2.338,7,2.285,2,2.357,9,2.247,1,2.210,1,2.245,6,2.266,4,2.263,1,2.299,3,2.254,4,2.272,4,2.224,5,
            Employer,1.009,5,1.020,8,1.016,1,981,6,988,2,981,3,1.004,7,970,984,5,947,4,932,6,912,4,68,52,6,51,2,52,5,55,2,48,6,49,7,55,4,54,51,8,53,9,51,89,5,93,8,87,3,105,4,105,9,98,4,94,5,97,4,104,4,92,93,3,92,8,121,4,123,8,126,3,118,3,115,9,117,2,130,5,120,114,109,4,109,3,101,1,730,6,750,6,751,3,705,4,711,2,717,1,730,697,2,712,1,694,3,676,667,5,
            Businessperson without wage earners, or independent worker.,2.103,1,2.034,9,2.099,8,2.033,1.991,1,2.028,1,2.042,1,2.084,2,2.109,8,2.047,9,2.107,6,2.062,8,209,4,216,3,217,1,210,3,213,6,219,1,214,3,216,7,224,4,212,6,210,2,207,8,120,117,7,106,8,122,6,113,9,130,2,128,7,127,3,140,1,133,2,130,8,126,2,217,7,218,6,218,5,212,2,233,6,221,9,220,2,223,2,215,4,206,3,237,6,234,9,1.556,1,1.482,3,1.557,4,1.488,1.430,1,1.457,1.478,9,1.517,1.530,1.495,9,1.529,1,1.493,9,
            Member of a cooperative,33,4,18,1,22,4,24,8,29,8,23,7,27,7,27,3,27,3,27,2,28,8,22,6,4,7,3,3,2,1,2,7,5,1,4,8,8,7,3,9,5,4,2,7,5,6,3,9,11,7,6,7,7,2,8,4,10,6,11,1,7,9,9,7,9,9,4,7,4,4,8,3,3,1,1,0,2,1,1,0,6,0,8,2,3,2,0,4,1,1,8,2,3,13,7,7,1,12,9,12,6,13,5,6,9,8,8,12,4,13,7,14,1,14,11,6,
            Person who works without a set pay in the company or business of a relative they live with,59,1,62,3,58,1,59,5,77,7,88,4,77,8,60,8,76,4,79,5,82,6,82,1,10,9,8,8,8,11,5,14,8,14,3,13,3,13,18,1,17,3,13,3,18,2,4,5,3,7,6,9,3,4,1,5,1,10,6,6,1,8,2,5,5,7,5,4,4,5,4,5,3,6,2,4,3,4,4,4,5,1,5,2,6,5,6,6,8,5,8,38,3,45,3,36,2,41,1,55,4,64,6,48,8,36,4,43,6,50,2,53,4,51,5,
            Wage-earners: Total,18.035,5,18.119,7,17.853,7,17.348,3,17.371,5,17.403,2,17.303,9,16.928,5,16.974,2,16.916,6,16.507,4,16.104,3,477,8,421,7,470,3,471,3,463,8,440,7,503,2,538,4,538,3,476,1,526,3,516,2,2.603,7,2.603,1,2.517,8,2.551,2,2.567,3,2.563,1,2.532,4,2.457,2.503,1,2.487,2,2.425,5,2.413,6,1.061,1,1.029,3,1.007,9,962,6,947,3,984,6,980,1,965,9,948,970,967,6,914,4,13.893,14.065,7,13.857,8,13.363,2,13.393,1,13.414,9,13.288,2,12.967,2,12.984,9,12.983,3,12.588,1,12.260,1,
            Public sector wage earner ,3.593,3,3.534,7,3.517,7,3.523,9,3.526,2,3.506,2,3.453,9,3.468,2,3.475,5,3.484,3.439,6,3.397,4,12,9,12,1,10,1,10,6,15,12,4,10,6,12,6,12,1,14,1,11,4,9,2,30,4,33,2,28,6,28,2,26,2,28,3,24,4,15,8,21,1,23,6,21,27,7,13,10,8,10,8,14,9,9,13,6,10,4,10,3,8,1,8,2,9,5,8,5,3.537,3.478,7,3.468,3,3.471,2,3.475,1,3.451,9,3.408,5,3.429,3,3.434,1,3.438,2,3.397,6,3.352,
            Private sector wage earner ,14.442,2,14.585,14.336,13.824,4,13.845,3,13.897,13.850,1,13.460,3,13.498,7,13.432,5,13.067,9,12.706,8,464,9,409,6,460,2,460,7,448,7,428,3,492,6,525,7,526,2,462,514,8,507,1,2.573,3,2.569,9,2.489,2,2.523,1,2.541,1,2.534,7,2.508,1,2.441,2,2.481,9,2.463,6,2.404,5,2.385,9,1.048,1,1.018,5,997,1,948,6,937,5,971,969,8,955,5,939,8,961,8,958,1,905,8,10.356,10.586,9,10.389,5,9.892,9.918,9.963,9.879,7,9.537,9,9.550,8,9.545,1,9.190,4,8.908,1,
            Wage earners,6,2,10,1,6,7,5,6,5,6,21,11,8,13,9,12,7,12,4,12,6,22,6,..,..,0,3,..,0,8,1,4,0,1,0,3,..,1,1,7,0,8,0,5,..,0,1,..,..,1,9,2,4,0,4,1,6,0,9,0,6,0,3,0,2,0,5,..,..,..,..,..,..,1,6,0,4,0,1,1,2,5,5,9,7,6,3,5,6,4,8,17,7,9,3,13,3,9,5,10,1,10,1,20,3,
        Males,
            Total,11.323,5,11.387,7,11.257,1,10.924,9,10.977,7,11.115,10.976,6,10.791,3,10.830,9,10.782,5,10.608,5,10.385,568,1,534,4,567,7,567,1,574,566,4,613,8,628,8,637,1,590,7,601,3,613,8,2.039,5,2.023,1,1.957,4,2.032,5,2.007,9,2.026,7,2.001,3,1.984,9,2.053,7,2.009,9,1.967,1.941,3,1.282,7,1.255,1.240,1.185,2,1.191,5,1.209,5,1.199,4,1.182,6,1.155,7,1.158,6,1.203,1,1.154,2,7.433,2,7.575,2,7.492,1,7.140,1,7.204,3,7.312,5,7.162,2,6.995,6.984,4,7.023,3,6.837,1,6.675,8,
            Self-employed worker,2.045,2.016,5,2.061,2,1.997,2,1.989,6,2.015,8,2.046,6,2.033,2,2.096,7,2.025,4,2.064,2.047,1,214,8,206,3,206,6,204,1,206,5,209,1,208,3,209,9,219,6,209,7,206,2,207,6,172,8,170,4,158,2,188,9,183,1,193,2,181,1,186,9,209,7,187,1,193,6,185,7,320,3,322,4,329,1,314,1,334,322,3,335,8,332,9,317,1,301,8,331,3,324,1.337,2,1.317,4,1.367,2,1.290,1,1.265,9,1.291,2,1.321,5,1.303,5,1.350,3,1.326,8,1.333,1.329,7,
            Employer,679,8,690,3,695,5,674,9,671,3,667,7,689,3,661,3,693,5,655,7,640,7,639,5,51,8,41,41,9,42,2,41,3,38,5,39,8,43,9,42,2,40,5,42,5,41,4,69,5,74,6,70,4,89,4,87,8,80,5,79,2,79,7,89,9,75,4,76,7,78,108,4,111,9,116,6,108,109,108,3,120,1,112,1,106,2,99,9,101,5,94,7,450,1,462,7,466,6,435,3,433,1,440,4,450,2,425,7,455,1,439,9,420,425,3,
            Businessperson without wage earners, or independent worker.,1.307,7,1.285,3,1.319,8,1.277,2,1.262,3,1.290,1,1.303,4,1.328,1,1.352,7,1.312,3,1.371,3,1.349,1,153,5,157,8,157,1,152,5,152,1,159,7,155,7,157,2,165,155,2,149,8,149,8,92,2,89,8,79,6,92,4,85,102,6,93,5,99,2,109,8,103,4,108,6,102,3,204,4,206,8,209,3,202,5,223,3,210,2,212,3,217,206,8,197,6,226,3,224,1,857,5,830,9,873,7,829,8,801,9,817,6,841,9,854,7,871,1,856,1,886,6,872,8,
            Member of a cooperative,23,4,12,8,15,7,16,1,21,2,15,9,17,8,18,8,18,9,20,5,18,8,16,4,3,6,2,1,9,1,9,4,3,1,5,3,2,9,4,4,2,7,4,9,3,8,7,4,8,5,1,6,2,8,8,3,5,5,6,2,6,5,6,7,5,3,3,3,3,3,1,1,0,2,1,1,0,6,0,8,2,3,2,0,4,1,1,4,1,9,7,9,4,9,8,5,6,9,8,5,3,7,4,7,7,6,7,7,10,1,7,3,8,2,
            Person who works without a set pay in the company or business of a relative they live with,34,1,28,30,2,29,34,8,42,1,36,2,25,31,5,36,8,33,1,42,1,5,9,5,5,5,7,7,5,9,1,7,8,7,4,5,9,8,1,11,3,9,13,4,2,4,1,1,3,1,0,9,2,3,1,8,2,9,1,8,3,4,1,6,3,2,1,4,1,2,6,3,2,6,1,1,3,1,1,1,9,3,6,3,3,2,3,3,21,6,18,9,18,3,18,1,22,4,29,4,24,7,15,4,16,4,20,6,19,1,23,4,
            Wage-earners: Total,9.274,9.365,1,9.192,7,8.925,3,8.984,7,9.087,5,8.925,4,8.754,7,8.728,1,8.751,8,8.537,2,8.325,3,353,3,328,1,360,9,363,366,9,355,8,405,4,418,9,417,5,380,394,2,405,4,1.866,2,1.852,7,1.799,2,1.843,6,1.824,8,1.832,2,1.817,9,1.797,6,1.843,7,1.822,1.772,8,1.755,5,962,2,932,2,910,8,871,1,857,5,887,2,863,6,849,7,837,856,4,871,7,828,9,6.092,3,6.252,2,6.121,7,5.847,5,5.935,5,6.012,3,5.838,6,5.688,5,5.630,5.693,4,5.498,4,5.335,4,
            Public sector wage earner ,1.523,1,1.495,9,1.494,2,1.487,1,1.496,1.504,2,1.460,5,1.442,2,1.428,6,1.453,8,1.464,1.434,11,8,10,6,8,4,8,9,12,1,11,1,8,10,3,9,2,11,5,9,2,8,1,25,9,24,5,21,21,4,19,7,21,1,19,4,13,3,16,9,17,9,18,2,21,8,10,9,8,6,10,4,12,8,9,2,12,9,9,5,8,6,7,8,7,3,7,4,7,5,1.474,5,1.452,1,1.454,4,1.444,1,1.455,1,1.459,1,1.423,6,1.410,1.394,6,1.417,1,1.429,1,1.396,5,
            Private sector wage earner ,7.750,9,7.869,2,7.698,5,7.438,2,7.488,6,7.583,2,7.465,7.312,5,7.299,6,7.298,7.073,2,6.891,4,341,5,317,5,352,5,354,1,354,8,344,7,397,4,408,6,408,3,368,4,385,397,2,1.840,3,1.828,2,1.778,2,1.822,2,1.805,1,1.811,1.798,5,1.784,4,1.826,7,1.804,2,1.754,6,1.733,7,951,3,923,6,900,5,858,3,848,3,874,3,854,841,1,829,2,849,1,864,3,821,5,4.617,8,4.800,4.667,3,4.403,5,4.480,4,4.553,2,4.415,4.278,5,4.235,4,4.276,3,4.069,3,3.938,9,
            Wage earners,4,5,6,1,3,3,2,5,3,4,11,7,4,6,3,4,6,1,5,3,7,3,12,6,..,..,0,2,..,0,6,1,4,0,1,..,..,1,0,9,0,8,0,5,..,..,..,..,1,3,2,4,0,4,0,3,0,7,0,6,..,0,2,0,5,..,..,..,..,..,..,1,6,0,4,0,1,1,2,3,7,5,6,3,2,2,5,2,9,9,2,1,3,1,4,1,3,1,5,7,10,7,
        Females,
            Total,9.923,4,9.878,2,9.799,6,9.527,8,9.486,2,9.430,7,9.491,4,9.293,4,9.354,1,9.248,5,9.063,1,8.821,7,202,6,167,5,182,181,1,179,3,162,6,175,6,198,9,203,170,8,209,7,184,2,790,4,801,9,768,7,758,1,793,9,783,1,775,3,712,3,711,5,718,2,698,1,700,9,126,4,123,4,119,112,9,109,3,119,3,138,9,133,6,130,2,135,121,7,107,6,8.803,9,8.785,4,8.729,9,8.475,7,8.403,7,8.365,7,8.401,7,8.248,6,8.309,3,8.224,5,8.033,5,7.829,1,
            Self-employed worker,1.160,1,1.119,6,1.135,1,1.101,7,1.097,2,1.105,7,1.105,7,1.109,1,1.101,4,1.076,7,1.087,7,1.032,8,78,2,73,9,72,5,72,8,82,1,77,8,77,8,79,1,82,2,74,7,76,9,73,3,52,8,51,5,49,9,50,5,51,4,51,6,60,7,52,9,50,9,52,9,45,5,42,6,27,5,26,4,22,21,4,19,4,22,22,3,17,5,19,3,21,5,25,9,22,2,1.001,6,967,8,990,7,957,944,3,954,4,944,9,959,6,949,1,927,6,939,5,894,8,
            Employer,329,7,330,4,320,5,306,7,316,9,313,7,315,3,308,7,291,291,7,291,9,272,9,16,2,11,6,9,2,10,3,13,9,10,1,9,9,11,5,11,8,11,3,11,4,9,7,20,19,2,16,8,16,18,1,17,9,15,3,17,7,14,4,16,6,16,7,14,8,13,11,8,9,7,10,3,6,8,9,10,4,8,7,8,9,5,7,8,6,3,280,5,287,8,284,7,270,1,278,1,276,6,279,8,271,5,257,254,3,256,242,2,
            Businessperson without wage earners, or independent worker.,795,5,749,6,780,755,8,728,8,738,738,8,756,1,757,2,735,6,736,3,713,8,55,8,58,5,59,9,57,8,61,4,59,4,58,6,59,5,59,4,57,4,60,5,58,27,8,27,9,27,2,30,2,28,9,27,5,35,3,28,1,30,2,29,8,22,2,23,9,13,3,11,8,9,2,9,6,10,3,11,7,7,9,6,3,8,6,8,7,11,2,10,8,698,6,651,4,683,7,658,2,628,2,639,4,637,662,3,658,9,639,7,642,5,621,1,
            Member of a cooperative,10,5,3,6,7,8,7,8,6,7,8,9,9,8,6,8,4,6,7,9,9,6,2,1,2,1,2,0,2,0,8,1,1,1,7,3,4,1,1,..,0,7,0,9,3,1,8,2,2,2,2,2,6,2,9,2,4,2,8,1,4,2,7,2,2,1,6,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0,4,0,4,5,8,2,2,4,4,5,7,5,3,2,4,1,4,8,6,4,6,6,3,3,
            Person who works without a set pay in the company or business of a relative they live with,25,34,3,27,9,30,5,42,9,46,3,41,6,35,8,44,9,42,7,49,5,40,5,2,5,3,1,4,5,7,6,5,5,9,7,1,10,6,4,3,4,8,2,2,6,3,8,2,1,1,8,3,2,7,7,4,4,4,8,3,9,4,5,2,3,1,3,2,8,3,1,1,5,2,3,1,4,4,3,3,2,9,3,3,6,4,4,7,16,7,26,4,17,9,23,33,35,2,24,1,21,27,2,29,6,34,3,28,2,
            Wage-earners: Total,8.761,5,8.754,6,8.661,1,8.423,8.386,9,8.315,7,8.378,5,8.173,8,8.246,1,8.164,7,7.970,2,7.778,9,124,4,93,6,109,4,108,3,96,9,84,8,97,8,119,5,120,9,96,1,132,1,110,9,737,5,750,4,718,6,707,6,742,5,730,9,714,6,659,4,659,4,665,1,652,7,658,98,9,97,1,97,91,5,89,8,97,4,116,6,116,1,111,113,5,95,9,85,4,7.800,6,7.813,5,7.736,1,7.515,7,7.457,6,7.402,6,7.449,6,7.278,8,7.354,9,7.289,9,7.089,6,6.924,6,
            Public sector wage earner ,2.070,2,2.038,8,2.023,5,2.036,8,2.030,2,2.001,9,1.993,4,2.026,2.047,2.030,2,1.975,5,1.963,5,1,1,1,4,1,7,1,7,2,9,1,3,2,6,2,3,2,9,2,5,2,2,1,4,5,8,7,7,6,6,8,6,5,7,2,5,2,6,4,2,5,7,2,8,5,9,2,1,2,1,0,4,1,2,0,7,0,7,0,9,1,7,0,3,0,9,2,1,2.062,5,2.026,6,2.013,9,2.027,1,2.020,1.992,8,1.984,9,2.019,4,2.039,5,2.021,2,1.968,5,1.955,5,
            Private sector wage earner ,6.691,3,6.715,7,6.637,5,6.386,2,6.356,7,6.313,8,6.385,1,6.147,8,6.199,2,6.134,5,5.994,7,5.815,5,123,3,92,2,107,7,106,5,94,83,6,95,1,117,2,117,9,93,6,129,9,109,8,733,741,7,711,700,8,736,723,7,709,6,656,8,655,2,659,4,649,9,652,2,96,8,95,96,6,90,3,89,1,96,7,115,7,114,4,110,7,112,7,93,8,84,4,5.738,2,5.786,9,5.722,2,5.488,5,5.437,6,5.409,8,5.464,7,5.259,4,5.315,4,5.268,8,5.121,1,4.969,1,
            Wage earners,1,8,4,3,4,3,1,2,1,9,3,7,2,10,5,6,6,7,1,5,2,9,9,..,..,0,2,..,0,2,..,..,0,3,..,..,0,8,..,..,..,0,1,..,..,0,6,..,..,1,2,0,1,..,0,3,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,1,8,4,3,1,3,1,1,9,8,7,7,2,10,2,5,4,7,4,4,9,6,
Notas:
Series break in the variable of professional situation in the 1Q-2009. For more information consult <a href="/en/daco/daco42/daco4211/preguntas_epa_en.pdf">document attached</a> Changing questions regarding professional situation EAPS-2009
In the first quarter of 2020, as a consequence of the declaration of the high alert period (Royal Decrees 463/2020 and 487/2020) caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the sample size of the first EPA interviews in weeks 11 to 13 has been lower than in other quarters, meaning that the variation coefficients for the most disaggregated estimates may be higher than usual.  We recommended that you consult the related INEbase tables <a href="https://ine.es/dynt3/inebase/es/index.htm?padre=979&capsel=1002">coeficientes de variación.</a>
Fuente: