Deaths according to Cause of Death National and Autonomous Cities and Communities results Standardised mortality rates by cause of death (most frequent causes), sex and level of education. 25 years old and over. Units: per hundred thousand ;Both genders;Men;Women; All causes; Total;1,140.91;1,471.54;891.02; Primary education or lower;1,202.55;1,586.90;941.63; Lower secondary education;1,066.46;1,411.13;798.25; Upper secondary education;1,044.61;1,322.62;754.29; University studies;953.91;1,157.60;701.08; Ischaemic heart diseases; Total;90.02;134.41;56.70; Primary education or lower;91.53;137.51;60.68; Lower secondary education;81.79;127.90;46.98; Upper secondary education;87.08;127.34;45.31; University studies;77.93;110.67;38.63; Cerebrovascular diseases; Total;74.34;83.39;66.59; Primary education or lower;78.56;90.36;69.78; Lower secondary education;67.15;77.86;58.57; Upper secondary education;63.92;72.12;54.80; University studies;59.27;65.57;51.43; Bronchial and lung cancer; Total;66.77;119.36;24.86; Primary education or lower;65.51;129.87;20.81; Lower secondary education;68.05;120.16;25.26; Upper secondary education;73.78;110.05;32.84; University studies;64.54;90.52;30.04; Dementia; Total;53.81;51.65;53.90; Primary education or lower;56.47;55.17;56.06; Lower secondary education;48.53;49.96;46.92; Upper secondary education;42.57;42.55;41.45; University studies;38.44;36.48;39.61; Heart failure; Total;48.32;50.27;45.96; Primary education or lower;50.55;51.94;48.54; Lower secondary education;42.38;45.56;39.20; Upper secondary education;40.87;48.46;33.91; University studies;38.63;44.16;32.20; Chronic diseases of the lower respiratory tract; Total;41.99;80.16;18.13; Primary education or lower;45.99;93.62;19.16; Lower secondary education;35.67;67.71;14.47; Upper secondary education;37.18;57.76;18.49; University studies;32.42;45.72;16.50; Alzheimer's disease; Total;39.24;31.87;42.91; Primary education or lower;40.91;33.40;44.28; Lower secondary education;37.23;30.80;40.42; Upper secondary education;34.33;29.64;37.31; University studies;28.64;25.33;32.25; Colon cancer; Total;33.86;48.05;23.64; Primary education or lower;32.97;48.03;23.51; Lower secondary education;34.63;49.98;23.48; Upper secondary education;34.96;45.80;23.42; University studies;34.38;45.15;20.76; Hypertensive disease; Total;32.96;29.83;33.60; Primary education or lower;34.84;31.28;35.68; Lower secondary education;30.48;28.06;30.56; Upper secondary education;27.31;29.62;24.56; University studies;22.54;22.91;21.33; Diabetes mellitus; Total;25.72;29.61;22.56; Primary education or lower;29.19;33.65;25.82; Lower secondary education;20.85;26.55;16.40; Upper secondary education;17.73;24.34;11.60; University studies;16.04;20.81;10.20; Pneumonia; Total;24.83;35.81;18.28; Primary education or lower;26.59;39.34;19.45; Lower secondary education;21.36;31.80;15.11; Upper secondary education;22.89;30.48;15.90; University studies;23.19;30.58;15.13; Renal failure; Total;16.95;21.91;14.02; Primary education or lower;18.25;23.31;15.53; Lower secondary education;14.47;21.06;10.52; Upper secondary education;14.98;20.95;9.59; University studies;14.20;17.70;10.22; Breast cancer; Total;18.50;0.62;32.71; Primary education or lower;18.37;0.70;31.22; Lower secondary education;17.43;0.45;31.48; Upper secondary education;18.32;0.63;36.69; University studies;17.51;0.35;37.02; Pancreatic cancer; Total;20.05;23.20;17.19; Primary education or lower;19.18;21.96;16.96; Lower secondary education;20.60;23.19;18.09; Upper secondary education;21.40;25.07;17.35; University studies;20.34;23.43;16.38; Prostate cancer; Total;16.13;41.67;..; Primary education or lower;15.07;42.17;..; Lower secondary education;16.39;41.16;..; Upper secondary education;19.52;39.91;..; University studies;20.04;36.83;..; Notes: 1) Since 2013, data from the Forensic Anatomical Institute of Madrid have been available, a methodological improvement has been introduced in the process of this statistic, which has allowed the cause of death to be assigned more precisely in deaths involving judicial intervention. As a result, deaths that were assigned to poorly defined causes have been reassigned to specific external causes. Therefore, this fact must be taken into account when making comparisons with previous years. The standardised rates allow comparisons between different levels of education, as well as temporary and sex level comparisons, by using an age structure common within the standard European population as of 2011. Category 'Upper Secondary education' includes the Higher Level Training Cycles and equivalents. Source: National Statistics Institute