Leading Indicators	Centre type	Total
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Public universities	149,689
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Private universities	19,047
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Other centres of higher education	6,195
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Total	174,931
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Public universities	118,727
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Private universities	17,195
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Other centres of higher education	4,649
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Total	140,571
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Public universities	14,675
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Private universities	893
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Other centres of higher education	1,085
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Total	16,653
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Public universities	16,287
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Private universities	959
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	461
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Total	17,707
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Public universities	69,759
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Private universities	9,604
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	3,034
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Total	82,397
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Public universities	52,259
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Private universities	8,356
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	2,048
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Total	62,663
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Public universities	7,526
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Private universities	575
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Other centres of higher education	674
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Total	8,775
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Public universities	9,974
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Private universities	673
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	312
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Total	10,959
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Public universities	80,413.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Private universities	7,736.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Other centres of higher education	3,881.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Total	92,031.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Public universities	63,576.8
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Private universities	6,310.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Other centres of higher education	2,681.6
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Total	72,568.4
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Public universities	9,487.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Private universities	665.4
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Other centres of higher education	830.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Total	10,982.6
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Public universities	7,349.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Private universities	761.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	369.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Total	8,480.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Public universities	36,674.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Private universities	4,141.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	1,998.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Total	42,814.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Public universities	27,259.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Private universities	3,132.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	1,203.4
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Total	31,595.6
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Public universities	4,947.4
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Private universities	435.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Other centres of higher education	541.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Total	5,924.8
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Public universities	4,467.8
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Private universities	572.9
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	252.9
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Total	5,293.6
By qualification (HC): Total	Public universities	149,689
By qualification (HC): Total	Private universities	19,047
By qualification (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	6,195
By qualification (HC): Total	Total	174,931
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Public universities	83,217
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Private universities	10,606
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Other centres of higher education	2,364
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Total	96,187
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	37,785
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	6,912
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	2,673
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	47,370
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	16,117
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	886
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	816
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	17,819
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	5,035
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	407
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	201
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	5,643
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	5,669
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	103
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	119
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	5,891
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Public universities	1,866
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Private universities	133
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Other centres of higher education	22
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Total	2,021
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Public universities	69,759
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Private universities	9,604
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	3,034
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Total	82,397
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Public universities	35,305
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Private universities	5,224
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Other centres of higher education	968
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Total	41,497
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	18,623
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	3,488
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	1,390
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	23,501
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	8,338
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	532
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	479
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	9,349
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	2,841
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	226
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	132
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	3,199
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	3,440
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	46
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	60
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	3,546
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Public universities	1,212
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Private universities	88
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Other centres of higher education	5
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Total	1,305
By qualification (FTE): Total	Public universities	80,413.2
By qualification (FTE): Total	Private universities	7,736.7
By qualification (FTE): Total	Other centres of higher education	3,881.3
By qualification (FTE): Total	Total	92,031.2
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Public universities	44,215.5
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Private universities	4,074.2
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Other centres of higher education	1,363.3
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Total	49,653.0
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	21,156.4
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	2,724.8
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	1,855.1
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	25,736.3
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	8,935.7
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	480.3
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	424.4
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	9,840.4
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	3,141.0
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	311.3
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	145.4
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	3,597.7
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	2,295.7
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	69.1
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	79.8
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	2,444.6
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Public universities	668.9
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Private universities	77.0
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Other centres of higher education	13.3
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Total	759.2
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Public universities	149,689
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Private universities	19,047
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	6,195
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Total	174,931
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Public universities	29,079
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Private universities	1,655
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,565
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Total	32,299
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Public universities	32,025
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Private universities	3,248
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Other centres of higher education	833
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Total	36,106
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Public universities	25,800
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Private universities	4,264
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,414
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Total	31,478
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Public universities	4,561
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Private universities	253
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Other centres of higher education	73
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Total	4,887
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Public universities	38,436
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Private universities	7,344
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,777
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Total	47,557
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Public universities	19,788
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Private universities	2,283
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Other centres of higher education	533
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Total	22,604
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Public universities	69,759
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Private universities	9,604
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	3,034
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Total	82,397
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Public universities	12,722
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Private universities	769
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Other centres of higher education	629
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Total	14,120
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Public universities	10,223
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Private universities	1,063
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Other centres of higher education	269
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Total	11,555
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Public universities	14,202
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Private universities	2,476
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Other centres of higher education	975
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Total	17,653
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Public universities	2,267
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Private universities	141
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Other centres of higher education	40
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Total	2,448
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Public universities	20,039
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Private universities	3,933
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Other centres of higher education	860
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Total	24,832
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Public universities	10,306
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Private universities	1,222
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Other centres of higher education	261
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Total	11,789
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Public universities	496
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Private universities	66
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	447
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Total	1,009
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Public universities	391
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Private universities	66
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Other centres of higher education	425
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Total	882
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Public universities	192
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Private universities	31
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	203
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Total	426
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Public universities	126
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Private universities	31
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	191
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Total	348
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Public universities	386.1
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Private universities	21.7
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Other centres of higher education	139.8
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Total	547.6
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Public universities	281.1
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Private universities	21.7
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Other centres of higher education	128.0
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Total	430.8
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Public universities	169.7
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Private universities	9.4
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	51.2
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Total	230.3
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Public universities	103.7
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Private universities	9.4
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	44.7
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Total	157.8