Leading Indicators	Centre type	Total
Intramural R&D research staff by degree (HC): Total	Public universities	114,314
Intramural R&D research staff by degree (HC): Total	Private universities	15,070
Intramural R&D research staff by degree (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	4,076
Intramural R&D research staff by degree (HC): Total	Total	133,460
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Public universities	77,494
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Private universities	9,196
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Other centres of higher education	1,969
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Total	88,659
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	28,695
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	5,310
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	1,439
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	35,444
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	7,605
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	367
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	473
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	8,445
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	205
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	5
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	21
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	231
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	143
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	129
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	162
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	434
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Public universities	172
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Private universities	63
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Other centres of higher education	12
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Total	247
By qualification (HC). Women: Total	Public universities	49,560
By qualification (HC). Women: Total	Private universities	7,146
By qualification (HC). Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	1,741
By qualification (HC). Women: Total	Total	58,447
By qualification (HC). Women: University PhD	Public universities	32,263
By qualification (HC). Women: University PhD	Private universities	4,438
By qualification (HC). Women: University PhD	Other centres of higher education	706
By qualification (HC). Women: University PhD	Total	37,407
By qualification (HC). Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	13,307
By qualification (HC). Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	2,481
By qualification (HC). Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	678
By qualification (HC). Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	16,466
By qualification (HC). Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	3,759
By qualification (HC). Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	157
By qualification (HC). Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	290
By qualification (HC). Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	4,206
By qualification (HC). Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	86
By qualification (HC). Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	3
By qualification (HC). Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	14
By qualification (HC). Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	103
By qualification (HC). Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	52
By qualification (HC). Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	42
By qualification (HC). Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	47
By qualification (HC). Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	141
By qualification (HC). Women: Other studies	Public universities	93
By qualification (HC). Women: Other studies	Private universities	25
By qualification (HC). Women: Other studies	Other centres of higher education	6
By qualification (HC). Women: Other studies	Total	124
By qualification (FTE): Total	Public universities	59,297.7
By qualification (FTE): Total	Private universities	5,675.3
By qualification (FTE): Total	Other centres of higher education	2,238.8
By qualification (FTE): Total	Total	67,211.8
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Public universities	39,058.4
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Private universities	3,768.1
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Other centres of higher education	1,078.8
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Total	43,905.3
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	15,953.4
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	1,685.7
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	913.1
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	18,552.2
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	4,015.0
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	122.2
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	164.8
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	4,302.0
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	116.8
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	3.8
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	14.6
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	135.2
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	66.5
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	87.7
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	65.0
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	219.2
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Public universities	87.6
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Private universities	7.8
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Other centres of higher education	2.5
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Total	97.9
By age (HC): Total	Public universities	114,314
By age (HC): Total	Private universities	15,070
By age (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	4,076
By age (HC): Total	Total	133,460
By age (HC): Under 25 years old	Public universities	2,585
By age (HC): Under 25 years old	Private universities	451
By age (HC): Under 25 years old	Other centres of higher education	488
By age (HC): Under 25 years old	Total	3,524
By age (HC): From 25 to 34 years old	Public universities	19,500
By age (HC): From 25 to 34 years old	Private universities	2,765
By age (HC): From 25 to 34 years old	Other centres of higher education	1,484
By age (HC): From 25 to 34 years old	Total	23,749
By age (HC): From 35 to 44 years old	Public universities	24,084
By age (HC): From 35 to 44 years old	Private universities	4,900
By age (HC): From 35 to 44 years old	Other centres of higher education	982
By age (HC): From 35 to 44 years old	Total	29,966
By age (HC): From 45 to 54 years old	Public universities	32,900
By age (HC): From 45 to 54 years old	Private universities	4,334
By age (HC): From 45 to 54 years old	Other centres of higher education	698
By age (HC): From 45 to 54 years old	Total	37,932
By age (HC): From 55 to 64 years old	Public universities	28,414
By age (HC): From 55 to 64 years old	Private universities	2,354
By age (HC): From 55 to 64 years old	Other centres of higher education	352
By age (HC): From 55 to 64 years old	Total	31,120
By age (HC): 65 years or more	Public universities	6,831
By age (HC): 65 years or more	Private universities	266
By age (HC): 65 years or more	Other centres of higher education	72
By age (HC): 65 years or more	Total	7,169
By age (HC). Women: Total	Public universities	49,560
By age (HC). Women: Total	Private universities	7,146
By age (HC). Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	1,741
By age (HC). Women: Total	Total	58,447
By age (HC). Women: Under 25 years old	Public universities	1,096
By age (HC). Women: Under 25 years old	Private universities	185
By age (HC). Women: Under 25 years old	Other centres of higher education	237
By age (HC). Women: Under 25 years old	Total	1,518
By age (HC). Women: From 25 to 34 years old	Public universities	9,578
By age (HC). Women: From 25 to 34 years old	Private universities	1,540
By age (HC). Women: From 25 to 34 years old	Other centres of higher education	701
By age (HC). Women: From 25 to 34 years old	Total	11,819
By age (HC). Women: From 35 to 44 years old	Public universities	11,848
By age (HC). Women: From 35 to 44 years old	Private universities	2,453
By age (HC). Women: From 35 to 44 years old	Other centres of higher education	422
By age (HC). Women: From 35 to 44 years old	Total	14,723
By age (HC). Women: From 45 to 54 years old	Public universities	14,693
By age (HC). Women: From 45 to 54 years old	Private universities	2,019
By age (HC). Women: From 45 to 54 years old	Other centres of higher education	271
By age (HC). Women: From 45 to 54 years old	Total	16,983
By age (HC). Women: From 55 to 64 years old	Public universities	10,622
By age (HC). Women: From 55 to 64 years old	Private universities	891
By age (HC). Women: From 55 to 64 years old	Other centres of higher education	94
By age (HC). Women: From 55 to 64 years old	Total	11,607
By age (HC). Women: 65 years or more	Public universities	1,723
By age (HC). Women: 65 years or more	Private universities	58
By age (HC). Women: 65 years or more	Other centres of higher education	16
By age (HC). Women: 65 years or more	Total	1,797
By nationality (HC): Total	Public universities	114,314
By nationality (HC): Total	Private universities	15,070
By nationality (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	4,076
By nationality (HC): Total	Total	133,460
By nationality (HC): Spain	Public universities	108,363
By nationality (HC): Spain	Private universities	13,859
By nationality (HC): Spain	Other centres of higher education	3,142
By nationality (HC): Spain	Total	125,364
By nationality (HC): Rest of the EU*	Public universities	2,934
By nationality (HC): Rest of the EU*	Private universities	653
By nationality (HC): Rest of the EU*	Other centres of higher education	460
By nationality (HC): Rest of the EU*	Total	4,047
By nationality (HC): Other European countries	Public universities	342
By nationality (HC): Other European countries	Private universities	71
By nationality (HC): Other European countries	Other centres of higher education	64
By nationality (HC): Other European countries	Total	477
By nationality (HC): North America	Public universities	276
By nationality (HC): North America	Private universities	100
By nationality (HC): North America	Other centres of higher education	38
By nationality (HC): North America	Total	414
By nationality (HC): Central America	Public universities	369
By nationality (HC): Central America	Private universities	74
By nationality (HC): Central America	Other centres of higher education	40
By nationality (HC): Central America	Total	483
By nationality (HC): South America	Public universities	1,144
By nationality (HC): South America	Private universities	191
By nationality (HC): South America	Other centres of higher education	118
By nationality (HC): South America	Total	1,453
By nationality (HC): Asia	Public universities	622
By nationality (HC): Asia	Private universities	91
By nationality (HC): Asia	Other centres of higher education	185
By nationality (HC): Asia	Total	898
By nationality (HC): Africa	Public universities	247
By nationality (HC): Africa	Private universities	28
By nationality (HC): Africa	Other centres of higher education	23
By nationality (HC): Africa	Total	298
By nationality (HC): Oceania	Public universities	17
By nationality (HC): Oceania	Private universities	3
By nationality (HC): Oceania	Other centres of higher education	6
By nationality (HC): Oceania	Total	26
By nationality (HC): Women: Total	Public universities	49,560
By nationality (HC): Women: Total	Private universities	7,146
By nationality (HC): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	1,741
By nationality (HC): Women: Total	Total	58,447
By nationality (HC): Women: Spain	Public universities	46,838
By nationality (HC): Women: Spain	Private universities	6,576
By nationality (HC): Women: Spain	Other centres of higher education	1,368
By nationality (HC): Women: Spain	Total	54,782
By nationality (HC): Women: Rest of the EU*	Public universities	1,358
By nationality (HC): Women: Rest of the EU*	Private universities	302
By nationality (HC): Women: Rest of the EU*	Other centres of higher education	168
By nationality (HC): Women: Rest of the EU*	Total	1,828
By nationality (HC): Women: Other European countries	Public universities	186
By nationality (HC): Women: Other European countries	Private universities	32
By nationality (HC): Women: Other European countries	Other centres of higher education	29
By nationality (HC): Women: Other European countries	Total	247
By nationality (HC): Women: North America	Public universities	110
By nationality (HC): Women: North America	Private universities	50
By nationality (HC): Women: North America	Other centres of higher education	19
By nationality (HC): Women: North America	Total	179
By nationality (HC): Women: Central America	Public universities	182
By nationality (HC): Women: Central America	Private universities	38
By nationality (HC): Women: Central America	Other centres of higher education	24
By nationality (HC): Women: Central America	Total	244
By nationality (HC): Women: South America	Public universities	518
By nationality (HC): Women: South America	Private universities	94
By nationality (HC): Women: South America	Other centres of higher education	50
By nationality (HC): Women: South America	Total	662
By nationality (HC): Women: Asia	Public universities	275
By nationality (HC): Women: Asia	Private universities	44
By nationality (HC): Women: Asia	Other centres of higher education	75
By nationality (HC): Women: Asia	Total	394
By nationality (HC): Women: Africa	Public universities	87
By nationality (HC): Women: Africa	Private universities	10
By nationality (HC): Women: Africa	Other centres of higher education	7
By nationality (HC): Women: Africa	Total	104
By nationality (HC): Women: Oceania	Public universities	6
By nationality (HC): Women: Oceania	Private universities	0
By nationality (HC): Women: Oceania	Other centres of higher education	1
By nationality (HC): Women: Oceania	Total	7
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Public universities	114,314
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Private universities	15,070
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	4,076
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Total	133,460
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Public universities	20,810
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Private universities	1,388
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,057
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Total	23,255
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Public universities	22,782
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Private universities	2,087
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Other centres of higher education	709
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Total	25,578
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Public universities	20,484
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Private universities	3,473
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Other centres of higher education	430
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Total	24,387
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Public universities	3,593
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Private universities	213
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Other centres of higher education	191
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Total	3,997
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Public universities	30,908
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Private universities	6,209
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,206
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Total	38,323
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Public universities	15,737
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Private universities	1,700
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Other centres of higher education	483
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Total	17,920
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Total	Public universities	49,560
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Total	Private universities	7,146
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	1,741
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Total	Total	58,447
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Exact and natural sciences	Public universities	8,467
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Exact and natural sciences	Private universities	570
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Exact and natural sciences	Other centres of higher education	376
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Exact and natural sciences	Total	9,413
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Engineering and technology	Public universities	6,179
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Engineering and technology	Private universities	612
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Engineering and technology	Other centres of higher education	232
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Engineering and technology	Total	7,023
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Public universities	10,685
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Private universities	1,886
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Other centres of higher education	274
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Total	12,845
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Public universities	1,637
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Private universities	123
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Other centres of higher education	101
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Total	1,861
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Social Sciences	Public universities	14,817
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Social Sciences	Private universities	3,084
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Social Sciences	Other centres of higher education	493
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Social Sciences	Total	18,394
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Humanities and the Arts	Public universities	7,775
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Humanities and the Arts	Private universities	871
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Humanities and the Arts	Other centres of higher education	265
By scientific discipline (HC). Women: Humanities and the Arts	Total	8,911
By category (HC): Total	Public universities	114,314
By category (HC): Total	Private universities	15,070
By category (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	4,032
By category (HC): Total	Total	133,416
By category (HC): University professors	Public universities	12,232
By category (HC): University professors	Private universities	615
By category (HC): University professors	Other centres of higher education	152
By category (HC): University professors	Total	12,999
By category (HC): University professors, University School Professors, Contracted Professors, Ramón y Cajal Doctors and Researchers	Public universities	42,230
By category (HC): University professors, University School Professors, Contracted Professors, Ramón y Cajal Doctors and Researchers	Private universities	5,165
By category (HC): University professors, University School Professors, Contracted Professors, Ramón y Cajal Doctors and Researchers	Other centres of higher education	1,435
By category (HC): University professors, University School Professors, Contracted Professors, Ramón y Cajal Doctors and Researchers	Total	48,830
By category (HC): Doctoral Assistant Professor, Visiting Professor, Juan de la Cierva Researchers, Visiting Researchers and other Postdoctoral Researchers	Public universities	22,058
By category (HC): Doctoral Assistant Professor, Visiting Professor, Juan de la Cierva Researchers, Visiting Researchers and other Postdoctoral Researchers	Private universities	6,476
By category (HC): Doctoral Assistant Professor, Visiting Professor, Juan de la Cierva Researchers, Visiting Researchers and other Postdoctoral Researchers	Other centres of higher education	1,126
By category (HC): Doctoral Assistant Professor, Visiting Professor, Juan de la Cierva Researchers, Visiting Researchers and other Postdoctoral Researchers	Total	29,660
By category (HC): FPI, FPU, other predoctoral researchers and teaching assistants	Public universities	37,794
By category (HC): FPI, FPU, other predoctoral researchers and teaching assistants	Private universities	2,814
By category (HC): FPI, FPU, other predoctoral researchers and teaching assistants	Other centres of higher education	1,319
By category (HC): FPI, FPU, other predoctoral researchers and teaching assistants	Total	41,927
By category (HC). Women: Total	Public universities	49,560
By category (HC). Women: Total	Private universities	7,146
By category (HC). Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	1,627
By category (HC). Women: Total	Total	58,333
By category (HC). Women: University professors	Public universities	3,065
By category (HC). Women: University professors	Private universities	189
By category (HC). Women: University professors	Other centres of higher education	24
By category (HC). Women: University professors	Total	3,278
By category (HC). Women: University professors, University School Professors, Contracted Professors, Ramón y Cajal Doctors and Researchers	Public universities	18,681
By category (HC). Women: University professors, University School Professors, Contracted Professors, Ramón y Cajal Doctors and Researchers	Private universities	2,518
By category (HC). Women: University professors, University School Professors, Contracted Professors, Ramón y Cajal Doctors and Researchers	Other centres of higher education	479
By category (HC). Women: University professors, University School Professors, Contracted Professors, Ramón y Cajal Doctors and Researchers	Total	21,678
By category (HC). Women: Doctoral Assistant Professor, Visiting Professor, Juan de la Cierva Researchers, Visiting Researchers and other Postdoctoral Researchers	Public universities	10,296
By category (HC). Women: Doctoral Assistant Professor, Visiting Professor, Juan de la Cierva Researchers, Visiting Researchers and other Postdoctoral Researchers	Private universities	3,025
By category (HC). Women: Doctoral Assistant Professor, Visiting Professor, Juan de la Cierva Researchers, Visiting Researchers and other Postdoctoral Researchers	Other centres of higher education	478
By category (HC). Women: Doctoral Assistant Professor, Visiting Professor, Juan de la Cierva Researchers, Visiting Researchers and other Postdoctoral Researchers	Total	13,799
By category (HC). Women: FPI, FPU, other predoctoral researchers and teaching assistants	Public universities	17,518
By category (HC). Women: FPI, FPU, other predoctoral researchers and teaching assistants	Private universities	1,414
By category (HC). Women: FPI, FPU, other predoctoral researchers and teaching assistants	Other centres of higher education	646
By category (HC). Women: FPI, FPU, other predoctoral researchers and teaching assistants	Total	19,578