Deaths according to Cause of Death National and Autonomous Cities and Communities results Standardised mortality rates by cause of death (most frequent causes), sex and level of education. 25 years old and over. Units: per hundred thousand Both genders Men Women All causes Total 1,265.97 1,625.82 993.50 Primary education or lower 1,369.52 1,801.01 1,102.94 Lower secondary education 1,241.51 1,623.68 925.47 Upper secondary education 1,172.07 1,473.43 860.73 University studies 1,086.07 1,315.31 815.43 Ischaemic heart diseases Total 77.19 117.25 46.63 Primary education or lower 81.36 127.14 52.34 Lower secondary education 75.49 116.40 41.69 Upper secondary education 73.90 109.91 37.59 University studies 67.52 95.44 36.30 Cerebrovascular diseases Total 65.40 74.42 58.01 Primary education or lower 71.86 84.27 64.01 Lower secondary education 62.37 72.25 53.59 Upper secondary education 53.25 61.04 44.55 University studies 51.30 56.79 44.74 Bronchial and lung cancer Total 61.83 105.26 27.29 Primary education or lower 57.72 112.34 23.44 Lower secondary education 67.34 114.13 26.73 Upper secondary education 67.66 98.22 34.41 University studies 56.63 77.23 31.49 Dementia Total 50.14 45.79 51.56 Primary education or lower 53.09 49.21 54.17 Lower secondary education 48.45 46.32 48.50 Upper secondary education 40.93 38.31 41.49 University studies 36.68 35.97 37.10 Heart failure Total 47.12 51.07 43.38 Primary education or lower 51.28 56.42 47.39 Lower secondary education 42.53 46.47 38.24 Upper secondary education 39.65 44.53 34.18 University studies 37.21 41.46 32.63 Chronic diseases of the lower respiratory tract Total 32.99 60.35 15.53 Primary education or lower 36.54 73.59 16.62 Lower secondary education 32.36 57.13 14.75 Upper secondary education 29.44 43.35 16.59 University studies 25.73 36.63 13.06 Alzheimer's disease Total 38.19 30.19 42.40 Primary education or lower 39.48 30.81 43.41 Lower secondary education 38.33 31.13 42.39 Upper secondary education 32.59 29.27 35.23 University studies 32.05 27.22 37.22 Colon cancer Total 29.89 41.51 21.49 Primary education or lower 29.79 43.39 22.02 Lower secondary education 30.02 42.25 20.45 Upper secondary education 30.57 38.80 21.96 University studies 27.71 33.12 20.88 Hypertensive disease Total 34.68 32.17 34.90 Primary education or lower 38.27 36.38 38.21 Lower secondary education 30.99 30.81 29.77 Upper secondary education 25.35 24.25 25.31 University studies 23.48 23.35 22.94 Diabetes mellitus Total 28.51 33.91 24.25 Primary education or lower 33.16 39.14 29.51 Lower secondary education 26.23 33.35 20.19 Upper secondary education 21.57 29.60 13.89 University studies 18.52 24.55 11.57 Pneumonia Total 21.82 31.79 15.69 Primary education or lower 25.48 37.39 19.06 Lower secondary education 19.67 29.83 13.16 Upper secondary education 19.78 27.29 12.68 University studies 20.84 28.27 12.85 Renal failure Total 18.08 22.80 15.05 Primary education or lower 20.19 24.98 17.67 Lower secondary education 16.28 22.12 12.36 Upper secondary education 15.52 21.26 10.33 University studies 13.31 17.89 8.21 Breast cancer Total 17.72 0.51 31.44 Primary education or lower 18.41 0.47 30.57 Lower secondary education 16.57 0.64 30.46 Upper secondary education 16.16 0.50 32.26 University studies 16.70 0.31 34.04 Pancreatic cancer Total 20.57 24.12 17.42 Primary education or lower 18.76 21.75 16.69 Lower secondary education 21.34 24.80 17.90 Upper secondary education 22.03 25.31 18.33 University studies 20.93 24.10 17.03 Prostate cancer Total 15.47 39.58 .. Primary education or lower 13.72 39.75 .. Lower secondary education 16.33 40.05 .. Upper secondary education 19.98 41.26 .. University studies 19.09 35.89 .. Identified Covid-19 virus Total 155.38 214.93 112.85 Primary education or lower 166.62 230.33 129.75 Lower secondary education 157.24 217.41 110.48 Upper secondary education 157.45 211.59 102.47 University studies 158.82 207.08 101.36 Unidentified (suspected) COVID-19 virus Total 35.76 43.32 30.44 Primary education or lower 38.13 48.29 32.25 Lower secondary education 34.12 41.50 28.82 Upper secondary education 35.06 39.88 30.10 University studies 34.44 37.72 29.73 Notes: 1) The standardised rates allow comparisons between different levels of education, as well as temporary and sex level comparisons, by using an age structure common within the standard European population as of 2011. Category 'Upper Secondary education' includes the Higher Level Training Cycles and equivalents. Source: National Statistics Institute