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Spanish Tourism Satellite Account. Base 2008

• 1Contact
  • 1.1Contact organisation
    National Statistics Institute of Spain
    
  • 1.5Contact mail address
    Paseo de la Castellana 183 - 28046 Madrid
    
• 2Metadata update
  • 2.1Metadata last certified
    01/04/2014
  • 2.2Metadata last posted
    27/12/2013
  • 2.3Metadata last update
    01/04/2014
• 3Statistical presentation
  • 3.1Data description

    The Tourism Satellite Account of Spain Base 2008 (TSAS) is a synthesis statistical operation that presents the different economic parameters of tourism in Spain for a given reference date. It includes three types of elements:

    - Supply accounts and tables, in which the production structure and costs of tourism companies are characterised.

    - Demand tables in which the different types of tourists (domestic vs foreign tourism) and the types of goods and services required, among other things, are characterised from an economic perspective.

    - Tables that interrelate supply and demand, which facilitate obtaining integrated measurements of the contribution of tourism to the economy, via macro variables such as GDP, production or employment

    .To obtain a systematic, comparable and complete representation of the tourist activity, which is adjusted as far as possible to the concepts, definitions and classifications that appear in the TSA handbook compiled by the World Tourism Organization.

    It studies all the variables related to the generation and distribution of tourism added value, employment, gross formation of fixed capital and tourism expenditure. It does so by using the different classification variables included in the TSA handbook plus those whose presentation is considered necessary for the description of tourism in Spain.

  • 3.2Classification system
    • Clasificaciones utilizadas

      National Classification of Economic Activities CNAE 2009

      Classification of Products by Activity (CPA 2008)

      Classification of assets according to the European System of Accounts:

      http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CONSLEG:1996R2223:20071230:EN:PDF

      Classification of the categories of tourism expenditure according to International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics 2008:

      http://unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/Seriesf/SeriesF_80rev1s.pdf

  • 3.3Sector coverage

    The expenditure considered is the one incurred by resident tourists within and outside of Spain, as well as non-resident tourists in Spain.

    From the business perspective, the industries related to tourism are considered.

  • 3.4Statistical concepts and definitions
    • Domestic tourism
      This encompasses internal tourism and outbound tourism; those activities carried out by visitors resident inside and outside of the reference country, as part of their internal or outbound tourism trips.
    • Domestic tourism
      This encompasses internal tourism and inbound tourism; those activities carried out by visitors resident and not resident in the reference country, as part of their internal or international tourism trips.
    • Domestic tourist consumption
      The tourist consumption of the visitors resident and not resident in the reference economy.
      This is the sum of the internal tourist consumption and the inbound tourist consumption.
    • Inbound tourism
      Those activities carried out by a visitor not resident in the reference country, as part of an inbound tourism trip.
    • Inbound tourist consumption
      the tourist consumption of a visitor that is a non-resident in the reference economy.
    • Internal tourism
      Those activities carried out by a visitor resident in the reference country, as part of an internal or outbound tourism trip.
    • Internal tourist consumption
      The tourist consumption of a visitor resident in the reference economy.
    • National tourist consumption
      The tourist consumption of the visitors resident in and outside of the reference economy. This is the sum of the internal tourist consumption and the outbound tourist consumption.
    • Outbound tourism
      Those activities carried out by a visitor resident outside of the reference country, as part of an outbound tourism trip or a domestic tourism trip.
    • Outbound tourist consumption
      The tourist consumption of a visitor resident outside of the reference economy.
    • Tourism
      This refers to the trips that a traveller makes to a place other than her/his regular environment, for a period lasting less than one year, with any main purpose that is not being employed by an entity resident in the place visited.
  • 3.5Statistical unit

    Two basic statistical units are considered:

    - the resident and non-resident tourist who travels to the national territory.

    - the company whose main activity is delimited within tourism industries(catering, accommodation, passenger transport, cultural and recreational activities....).

  • 3.6Statistical population

    The Tourism Satellite Account combines data taken from several different statistical sources. The concept of statistical population cannot be strictly applied to the context of this account.
    

  • 3.7Reference area

    The geographical scope is the entire national territory.

  • 3.8Time coverage

    Time coverage is the natural year

  • 3.9Base period

    Year 2008

• 4Unit of measure
  • 4.1Unit of measure
• 5Reference period
  • 5.1Reference period

    Annual series 2008-2011

    Data referred to the period: Anual A: 2012

• 6Institutional mandate
  • 6.1Legal acts and other agreements
    The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2013-2016, approved by Royal Decree 1658/2012, of 7 December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2013-2016. (Statistics of the State Administration).
    

    
    

  • 6.2Data sharing
    The exchanges of information needed to elaborate statistics between the INE and the rest of the State statistical offices (Ministerial Departments, independent bodies and administrative bodies depending on the State General Administration), or between these offices and the Autonomic statistical offices, are regulated in the LFEP (Law of the Public Statistic Function). This law also regulates the mechanisms of statistical coordination, and concludes cooperation agreements between the different offices when necessary.
    

    Data is not distributed to other institutions.

• 7Confidentiality
  • 7.1Confidentiality - policy
    The Statistical Law No. 12/1989 specifies that the INE cannot publish, or make otherwise available, individual data or statistics that would enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society
    
  • 7.2Confidentiality - data treatment
    INE provides information on the protection of confidentiality at all stages of the statistical process: INE questionnaires for the operations in the national statistical plan include a legal clause protecting data under statistical confidentiality. Notices prior to data collection announcing a statistical operation notify respondents that data are subject to statistical confidentiality at all stages. For data processing, INE employees have available the INE data protection handbook, which specifies the steps that should be taken at each stage of processing to ensure reporting units' individual data are protected. The microdata files provided to users are anonymised.
    

    The Tourism Satellite Account is a statistical operation included in the National Statistical Plan. It is therefore subject to the Law on the Public Statistical Function, of 9 May 1989, and its data is protected by Statistical Secrecy in all the stages of its compilation.

• 8Release policy
  • 8.1Release calendar
    The advance release calendar that shows the precise release dates for the coming year is disseminated in the last quarter of each year.
    
  • 8.2Release calendar access
    The calendar is disseminated on the INEs Internet website (Publications Calendar)
    
  • 8.3User access
    The data are released simultaneously according to the advance release calendar to all interested parties by issuing the press release. At the same time, the data are posted on the INE's Internet website (www.ine.es/en) almost immediately after the press release is issued. Also some predefined tailor-made requests are sent to registered users. Some users could receive partial information under embargo as it is publicly described in the European Statistics Code of Practice
    
• 9Frequency of dissemination
  • 9.1Frequency of dissemination

    Data is disseminated annually.

• 10Accessibility and clarity
  • 10.1News release
    The results of the statistical operations are normally disseminated by using press releases that can be accessed via both the corresponding menu and the Press Releases Section in the web
    
  • 10.2Publications

    Users of the Tourism Satellite Account may access the data of base 2008 via the INE website. Specifically, the following links appear:

    · Press release: it includes a summary of the different economic parameters of tourism in Spain.

    · General tables : they include the contribution of tourism to the GDP of the Spanish economy and the balances of tourism flows corresponding to the accounting series.

    · Detailed Results : they include the tables that present tourism demand, tourism supply and the contrast between supply and demand, as well as the information about the main indicators of companies related to the tourism industry.

    The INE website, also offers information regarding other TSAS bases (base 2000 and 1995).

  • 10.3On-line database
    INEbase is the system the INE uses to store statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information the INE produces in electronic formats. The primary organisation of the information follows the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration . The basic unit of INEbase is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities that lead to obtaining statistical results on a determined sector or topic using data collected individually
    

    Information regarding the TSAS base 2008 may be obtained in the following link:

    https://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=%2Ft35%2Fp011&file=inebase&L=1

  • 10.4Micro-data access
    A lot of statistical operations disseminate public domain anonymized files, available free of charge for downloading in the INE website Microdata Section
    

    Given its characteristics, the TSAS does not provide a microdata file.

  • 10.5Other

    Every certain time, Eurostat publishes a collection of European Country TSAs.

    The last one was published in 2013 with the name "Tourism Satellite Accounts in Europe, 2013 edition", available in:

    http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-TC-13-006/EN/KS-TC-13-006-EN.PDF

  • 10.6Documentation on methodology

    For the compilation of the TSAS, the following methodological document is available:

    Tourism Satellite Account: Recommendations on the conceptual framework, 2008

    Compiled by United Nations, WTO, OECD and Eurostat. Available in the following link:

    http://unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/Seriesf/SeriesF_80rev1e.pdf
    
    

  • 10.7Quality documentation

    Fields 11 to 19 of this text make up the user-friendly quality report for this operation.

• 11Quality management
  • 11.1Quality assurance
    Quality assurance framework for the INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, the European Statistics Code of Practice made by EUROSTAT. The ESSCoP is made up of 15 principles, gathered in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle is associated with some indicators which make possible to measure it. In order to evaluate quality, EUROSTAT provides different tools: the indicators mentioned above, Self-assessment based on the DESAP model, peer review, user satisfaction surveys and other proceedings for evaluation.
    

    In order to compile good-quality information in the TSAS, internationally accepted procedures are used, it is checked that no errors are inserted in the treatment, comparisons and contrast will be made with other existing information and coherence is guaranteed with the Input-Output framework of the National Accounts.

  • 11.2Quality assessment

    The overall quality of the TSAS is guaranteed through the use of internationally accepted models, the use of data and statistics previously subjected to quality controls, analysis of the evolution over time of the data up to present day and the coherence with the Input-Output framework of the National Accounts.

    Next year the National Accounts are expected to be adapted to the new European Accounts System 2010, and the Tourism Satellite Account in Spain is expected to be adapted to the methodological note revised by United Nations, which will influence positively on the quality of the TSAS.

• 12Relevance
  • 12.1User needs

    • Ministries and other public institutions.

    • Institute of Tourism Studies.
    • Companies and institutions.
    • Researchers and universities.
    Individuals.

  • 12.2User satisfaction

    The INE has carried out general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010 and 2013, and it plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose of these surveys is to find out what users think about the quality of the information of the INE statistics and the extent to which their needs of information are covered. In addition, additional surveys are carried out in order to acknowledge better other fields such as dissemination of the information, quality of some publications...

    On the INE website, in its section Methods and Projects / Quality and Code of Practice / INE quality management / User surveys are available surveys conducted to date.(Click  next link)

     

    
    

    In the structured query carried out by INE in 2010, the valuation of the Tourism sector, in which this operation is encompassed, was 3.56 over 5.

  • 12.3Completeness

    The TSAS meets the information requirements of the National Statistics Plan and provides 100% of the requested results.

• 13Accuracy and reliability
  • 13.1Overall accuracy

    Synthesis statistics are obtained from several statistical sources, which at the same time are usually affected by several errors. Direct measure of accuracy is not possible. The main strength is the existence of an expert team with great knowledge of these sources, their problems and their interrelation as well as the fact that adjusting to regulations and the methodology work thoroughly so as to obtain a reliable item of data.

  • 13.2Sampling error

    This is a synthesis statistical operation and not a survey, therefore the sampling error concept is not applicable.

    However, it is affected indirectly by these errors since among its sources of information there are surveys. Nevertheless, the producers of these sources have worked to reduce these errors as much as possible.

  • 13.3Non-sampling error

    Non-sampling errors of the TSAS come from its nature of being a synthesis statistical operation. Coherence with the Input-Output framework and balance between supply and demand limit this type of errors.

    The main tool to analyse accuracy is the analysis of the revision. Revisions show the degree of proximity between subsequent estimators of the same value, and it is reasonable to suppose that the estimators converge to the true value when they are based on better and more reliable data.

• 14Timeliness and punctuality
  • 14.1Timeliness

    The period of time elapsed between the researched phenomenon and data availability is one year.
    
    

  • 14.2Punctuality

    The publication is disseminated on the date indicated in the publication calendar.

• 15Coherence and Comparability
  • 15.1Comparability - geographical

    The TSAS methodology are international recommendations, that are not applied systematically by all EU member states, which complicates the comparability of data.

    Because it is a national statistical operation, there is no data by Autonomous Communities to be compared.

  • 15.2Comparability - over time

    The basic methodology for the compilation of TSAS has varied with the 3 base changes carried out on National Accounts: base change 1995, base change 2000 and the base change that has taken place in November 2011, with reference year 2008.

    In the base with reference year 2008, the variable "Contribution of tourism to the GDP of Spanish economy" is comparable in series 2008-2012, in other words, the number of comparable elements in this temporary series is 5.

  • 15.3Coherence - cross domain

    The Tourism Satellite Account in Spain is integrated in the National Accounts framework, therefore it is coherent with the accounts and tables published by the National Accounts.

  • 15.4Coherence - internal

    TSAS results are coherent among each other and, as aforementioned, are integrated in the National Accounts framework, with whose results TSAS is also coherent.

• 16Cost and burden
  • 16.1Cost and burden

    The estimate of the necessary budget appropriation included in the Annual Programme 2013, so as to finance this statistical operation is 64.35 thousand euros.

    There is no workload on the informants, since the Tourism Satellite Account is complied by using the information provided by other statistical sources.

• 17Data revision
  • 17.1Data revision - policy

    The data of series T-4, T-3, T-2, T-1 are disseminated in year T. T-2 and T-1 data are temporary and revisable in the following publications, the rest are final.

    If applicable, revisions carried out in annual National Accounts are also incorporated in TSA.

  • 17.2Data revision - practice

    Generally speaking, in practice, the way to proceed is the following:

    The data of series T-4, T-3, T-2, T-1 are disseminated in year T. T-2 and T-1 data are temporary and revisable in the following publications, the rest are final.

    If applicable, revisions carried out in annual National Accounts are also incorporated in TSA.
    

• 18Statistical processing
  • 18.1Source data

    The data obtained for the TSAS are not based on a direct survey, the following different sources are used:

    - Familitur (IET), to obtain an estimate of the number of trips and overnight stays in Spain and abroad.

    - Egatur (IET) to obtain, an estimate of the expenditure on different tourism services.

    - Frontur (IET) to obtain an estimate of the total amount of tourists by accomodation type.

    - Tourist occupancy surveys (INE)

    - Annual Services Survey (INE)

    - Services Sector Activity Indices (INE)

    - Passenger Transport Statistics (Ministry of Public Works, INE)

    - Spanish National Accounts

  • 18.2Frequency of data collection

    Annual frequency

  • 18.3Data collection

    Data collection techniques may vary depending on the type of source, the availability date of the data, etc.

    Specifically the Familitur, Egatur, Frontur statistics are available annually for year t-1 whereas the Supply and Use table of the National Accounts are available for t-4.

  • 18.4Data validation

    Data quality is monitored by checking its temporary evolution and its adjustment to the terms of the National Accounts and TSAS. Similarly, coherence with the Input-Output framework of the National Accounts and the balance between supply and demand are two conditions that guarantee data quality.

  • 18.5Data compilation

    After the source data is obtained, the tables that make up TSAS are compiled, ensuring coherence between supply and demand.

  • 18.6Adjustment

    Not carried out

• 19Comment
  • 19.1Comment

    While the compilation of TSAS is compulsory as it is part of the statistics included in the National Statistical Plan, the methodology to be followed is not compulsory, there being some recommendations included in the aforementioned document "Tourism Satellite Accounts: Recommendations on the conceptual framework", compiled by United Nations, WTO, OECD and Eurostat. Available on the following link:

    http://unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/Seriesf/SeriesF_80rev1e.pdf