Estimate of weekly deaths (EWD)

Monthly estimate of births (MEB)

The INE publishes today the results on the estimated number of monthly births and deaths for the month of December, so it now has the estimates for the entire year of 2023.

These estimates, made according to the entries registered in computerised Civil Registers, provide a preview on the number of births, deaths and the population growth in 2023, but these data are markedly provisional and may undergo variations in the coming months.

In 2023, it is estimated that 435,331 persons died in Spain, 5.8% fewer than the previous year.

By age and sex, the greatest decline in deaths in relative terms came in those aged between 85 and 89, both in men (with a decline of 11.8% compared to 2022), and in women (-9.9%).

The vegetative balance of the population (that is, the difference between births and deaths occurring in Spain) was negative, standing at 113,256 people, according to the 2023 provisional data.

In 2023, the number of births only increased in the Comunidad de Madrid (2.7%) and Extremadura (0.6%). The greatest declines were recorded in the autonomous cities of Melilla (-19.4%) and Ceuta (-11.8%) and in Castilla-La Mancha (-10.5%).

As for deaths, all regions had lower numbers with respect to 2022. The largest declines occurred in the autonomous city of Ceuta (-10.9%), Aragón (-10.6%) and País Vasco (-8.4%).

Vegetative growth (births minus deaths) was negative in 2023 in all the autonomous communities, except in Comunidad de Madrid (4,770), Región de Murcia (729), and Illes Balears (67) and the autonomous cities of Melilla (250) and Ceuta (94). The highest negative vegetative balances were recorded in Galicia (-18,701), Castilla y León (-16,270) and Andalucía (-13,544).

The data published today on 2023 are provisional and will be revised in the coming months. All the results of this operation are available on INEbase (ENWD and MEB).

The objective of the Estimate of the Number of Weekly Deaths (ENWD) is to provide rapid estimates of the number of deaths occurring each week and each month based on the entries recorded in the computerised Civil Registries, as well as on their comparison with historical death data. This allows the data to be interpreted with a historical perspective, which is necessary given the variability of deaths over time.

Type of operation:

monthly continuous survey.

Population scope:

all persons who die in Spain.

Geographical scope:

the entire national territory.

Reference period:

weekly and monthly.

Collection method:

The General Office of Legal Security and Public Faith sends files of deaths recorded in INFOREG and DICIREG to the INE on a daily basis.

For more information, you can access the methodology and the standardised methodological report..

The purpose of the Monthly Estimates of Birth (MEB) is to offer rapid estimates on the total number of births occurring each month, based on the records entered into the computerised Civil Registers on a monthly basis, as well as compare them with the historical data already published, which allows for interpreting the data with a much-needed historical perspective, given the variability and gradual decrease revealed by the birth figures over the last few years.

Type of operation:

monthly continuous survey.

Population scope:

all births registered in Spain.

Geographical scope:

the entire national territory.

Reference period:

monthly.

Collection method:

The General Office of Legal Security and Public Faith sends files of births recorded in INFOREG and DICIREG to the INE on a monthly basis.

For more information, you can access the methodology and the standardised methodological report..

INE statistics are produced in accordance with the Code of Good Practice for European Statistics. More information on Quality at INE and the Code of Best Practices.