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Harmonised Business Demography . Year 2022 15 November 2024

3,487,503 enterprises were economically active in Spain in 2022. 301,406 were created whereas 299,680 disappeared, which meant a net rate of 0.05%. 43.8% of the enterprises born in 2017 survived after five years of observation.

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Stock, births and deaths of enterprises by economic sector - Year 2022
Indicator Note Stock of enterprises Births rate (%) Deaths rate (%)
Total sectors 3,487,503 8.6 8.6
Industry 191,503 5.0 6.0
Construction 417,559 9.4 8.2
Trade 722,387 7.3 9.4
Rest of services 2,156,054 9.3 8.6
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Year 2022 Published: 15/11/2024
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The Harmonised Business Demography aims at providing aggregate information regarding the population of enterprises established in the national territory, considering aspects linked to business dynamism, and applying a methodology agreed on within the scope of the European Union. This methodology enables the development of indicators related to the stock, births, deaths and survivals of enterprises, through a harmonised statistical exploitation of the Statistical Business Registers managed in the National Statistical Offices.